Kerala Syllabus SAMAGRA SCERT SAMAGRA Question Pool for Class 12 Biology Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
Name the organism from which the enzyme Taq polymerase used in PCR isolated
Agrobacterium tumifaciens is a pathogen of several dicot plants. Name the plasmid present in this bacterium.
Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer constructed an artificial recombinant DNA by linking an antibiotic resistant gene into the plasmid of a bacteria.
a) Name this bacteria?.
b) Write the three basic steps in genetic modification of an organism.
a.Salmonella typhimurium
Observe the sequence given below.
5’----GAATTC-------3’
3’----CTTAAG-------5’
Suggest a name for this type of sequence.Define it.
What is the significance of this sequence?
Palindromic sequence.Sequence of base pairs that reads same on the two strands when orientation of reading is kept the
pBR 322 is a commonly used cloning vector in genetic engineering.
a) What does ori in pBR 322 stand for?.
b) Write the significance of ori and rop sequences.
a.ori stands for origin of replication.
b.Replication of DNA starts
Expand Ti plasmid.
Name the bacterium from which this plasmid is isolated. Write its significance.
Tumour inducing plasmid.
Agrobacterium
Expand PCR.
Write the name and peculiarity of DNA polymerase enzyme used in PCR..
Polymerase Chain Reaction.
Taq polymerase. DNA
In order to cut DNA with restriction enzymes ,DNA has to be isolated from the host cell and to be purified.
a) Name two enzymes used to break open cells during isolation of DNA.
b) Explain how DNA is purified during this process?
c) Name the process of removal of DNA after purification.
a.Lysozyme, Cellulase,Chitinase (Any two).
b.DNA is purified by using enzymes like
What do you mean by recombinant protein?. Give example.
If any protein encoding gene is expressed in a heterologous host,it is called a recombinant protein.
Disarmed pathogens can be effectively used to deliver genes of our interest into bacterial , plant and animal cells.
a.Give two examples for such pathogens used in biotechnology.
b.Give an account of micro-injection.
a.Agrobacterium tumifaciens and retroviruses.
b. Direct injection of
Ti plasmid is used for making transgenic plants. It is obtained from.
a)E.coli b)Salmonella typhimurium c) Agrobacterium tumifaciens d)Bacillus thuringiensis
c) Agrobacterium
Write the significance of the bacterium Thermus aquaticus in r DNA technology?
Thermostable DNA polymerase, Taq polymerase used in PCR is extracted fromThermus
Name the enzyme used in PCR.
a)DNA Polymerase b)Cellulase c)Taq polymerase d)Chitinase.
c)Taq polymerase
Observe the sequence given below.
5'---- GAA TT C------3
3'---- CT T AAG------5'
a) Identify the above DNA sequence and give its significance.
b) Name the enzyme used to cut this DNA sequence.
a)Palindromic sequence.Recognition site of EcoR I
Name the enzyme used to cut the DNA at specific point
a)DNA polymerase b)Restriction endonulcease
c) DNA ligase d) Protease
b) Restriction
Name the two core techniques that enabled the birth of modern biotechnology.
1.Genetic engineering.
2.Maintenance of sterile ambience /Chemical
Restriction endonuclease is used to cut DNA at specific sequences?
a) Write the name of first discovered restriction endonuclease?
b) Which are the basic rules of naming restriction enzymes?
Identify the techniques used for the following.
a) Separation of DNA fragments
b) Amplification of DNA
c) Large scale purification and preservation of products from bioreactor
a)Gel electrophoresis
Choose the odd one and give reason.
Hind III, EcoR I, BamH I,ampR
ampR -Selectable marker .
Observe the figure given below.
a) Identify the selectable markers present in this vector.
b) What is the use of these selectable markers?
a)ampR and tetR
The technique used to separate DNA fragment is Gel electrophoresis. a) Name the gel commonly used in electrophoresis b) Identify the source of this gel. |
a)Agarose gel.
b)Natural polymer extracted from sea
A gene of interest can be amplified in vitro into millions of copies in a limited time period.The diagram given below shows its basic steps.
a ) Name this technique.
b) Identify Step I,Step II,Step III
c) Name the DNA polymerase used in this technique .
a) PCR/ Polymerase Chain Reaction.
Match the items in column A and B.
A |
B |
a) Ori |
1.Restriction enzyme |
b) rop |
2.Selectable marker |
c) tet R |
3. Code for protein involved in replication |
d) EcoR I |
4. Origin of replication |
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The DNA fragments can be separated using gel electrophoresis. a)Name the gel and stain used in this process. b)What is elution? a) Agarose gel ,Ethidium bromide b) Separated bands of DNA are cut from agarose gel and Observe the figure of cloning vector pBR 322 given below and answer the following questions . a) Identify any two cloning sites from the vector. b) A single recognition site of a restriction enzyme is preferable for vectors. Why? a) EcoR I, Psu I, Cla I,BamH I,Pvu ll,Hind lll,Pst l ,Sal l ( any Two) Police collected a small amount of blood sample from a murder site . They want to amplify the DNA extracted from the blood sample. a) Suggest a process for amplifying the DNA sample. b)Name the various steps in this process. a) PCR . b) Observe the following figures a and b. i. Identify the bioreactors a and b ii.What is Downstream processing?. i) a. Simple Stirred-tank bioreactor b.Sparged stirred -tank bioreactor Observe the diagram given below . Write the name and any two peculiarities of this device. . Bioreactor / Simple Stirred Tank bioreactor 1)The stirrer in the reactor facilitates Diagrammatic representation of recombinant DNA technology is given below. 1. Write the name of enzymes mentioned in A and B. 2. What do C and D stand for? 1.Restriction endonucleases and ligase 2.C-Plasmid and D- Genetic engineering helps to overcome the limitation of traditional hybridization procedure in plant and animal breeding. a) What is the limitation of traditional hybridization procedure mentioned here? b) Explain how genetic engineering helps us to overcome this limitation? Traditional hybridization procedure often leads to inclusion and multiplication of undesirable genes along with desirable Distinguish exonucleases and endonucleases.Give an example of endonuclease. Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA strand whereas, |