Kerala Syllabus SAMAGRA SCERT SAMAGRA Question Pool for Class 12 Biology Principles of Inheritance and Variation

a. Observe the cross and explain the genetic mechanism in snap dragon and explain it
b. Explain the theoretical modification of allelic mechanism behind it
a.incomplete dominance
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Genes which code for a pair of contrasting traits are known as.............................
alleles
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To prevent self pollination anthers are removed from the flower. Name the process
Emasculation
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Name the Scientist who proposes the law of inheritance
Gregor Mendel
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Complete the table
|
Character |
Dominant Trait |
Recessive Trait |
|
Seed Shape |
Round |
|
|
Seed Colour |
|
Green |
|
Flower colour |
|
White |
|
Flower position |
Axial |
|
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The ancestors of India selected cow based cow on the basic principles of genetics. Name the principle and explain it.
Artificial selection and domestication from ancestral wild cows, we have well-known Indian breeds, e.g., Sahiwal cows in Punjab. Our ancestors knew about
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Describe Haemophilia and explain Haemophilia is not affected in females. Give reason
It is a sex linked recessive disease, which shows its transmission from unaffected carrier female to some of the male progeny. In this disease, a single protein
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Observe the diagram
a.Analyse type of genetic disorder
b. Illustrate the genetics disorder
a.Sickle cell anaemia (mendalian disorder)
b.The disease is controlled by a single pair of allele, Hb A and Hb S . Out of the three possible genotypes
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a.State the law of segregation.
b.Explain homozygous and heterozygous condition.
a.This law is based on the fact that the alleles do not show any blending and that both the characters are recovered as such in the F 2 generation though
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Consider the organisms like Birds, grass hopper and Man. Identify the organism with male heterogamity and female heterogamity
Birds - Female heterogamity, Male homogamity
Grasshopper - Male heterogamity, Female
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The phenotypic symbol 'Y' for dominant allele Yellow seed colour and 'y' for recessive green seed, 'R' for round dominant seeds and 'r' for wrinkled seed
a. Make a dihybrid cross with these genotype above mentioned
b. Explain law of independent assortment with above mentioned
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Fill up the table given below
|
Sl.No. |
Characters |
Dominant |
recessive |
|
1 |
Stem height |
Tall |
dwarf |
|
2 |
Flower colour |
--------------a------------- |
white |
|
3 |
Flower position |
Axial |
-----------b----------- |
|
4 |
---------c----------- |
Green |
yellow |
|
5 |
Seed colour |
-----------------d--------- |
green |
a)Violet ,b)Terminal, c) Pod colour, d)
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Garden pea was the experimental material of Mendel. Wrie any four dominant traits studied by Mendel.
1.Round seed
2.Yellow flower
3.Axial flower position
4.Tall stem
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Give example of sexlinked recessive disorder.
Colourblindness/ Sicklecell anaemia
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Complete the following table
|
Genetic disorders |
Karyotype |
Symptoms |
|
_______A____________ |
45+XX/XY(Trisomy of 21st Chromosome) |
Short statured with small round head |
|
Klinefelte’s syndrome
|
44AA+XXY |
__________B________ |
|
_____________C________ |
__________D____________ |
Females with rudimentary ovaries |
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The substitution of sixth codon of the beta globin chain from GAG to GUG cause a condition called
a.Phenyl ketonuria b.Haemophilia c.Sickle cell anaemia d.Muscular dystrophy
C.sickle cell aneamia
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Down’s syndrome is seen in both sexes.Why?
Because it is an autosomal disorder.
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Give an example of autosome linked recessive blood disease
Thalasemia / Sickle cell anaemia
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In a cross in which both phenotypic and genotypic ratios are same and is 1:2:1
a) Name the phenomenon.
b) Give one example
a) Incomplete Dominance
b) Flower colour in the dog flower (snapdragon or Antirrhinum
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a)Define pleiotropy
b)Give one example
a)A single gene can exhibit multiple phenotypic expression.
b)Eg.Phenylketonuria OR gene for seed shape and size of starch
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Haplo-diploid sex determination system is found in -------------------
Honey bee.
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Distinguish between inheritance and variation.
Inheritance is the process by which characters are passed on from parent to progeny
Variation is the degree by which progeny differ from their
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Give an example of Indian cow breed which developed from the ancestors of wild cow by artificial selection and domestication.
Sahiwal cow in punjab.
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Garden pea was the experimental material of Mendel. Write any four dominant traits studied by Mendel.
1.Round seed
2.Yellow flower
3.Axial flower position
4.Tall stem
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ABO blood group in man is example for both Multiple alleles and co-dominance .Explain
ABO blood group in man is controlled by more than two alleles, ie, IA , IB & i (Multiple alleles)
In ABO blood group
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Two symptoms of a syndrome are given below.
(a).Identify the syndrome
(b).Recognise the reason .
(c).Write two another characters of the same in addition to the following
1.Small round head
2.furrowed tongue
(a).Down’s syndrome
(b).21st Trisomy
(c).Small round head / partially opened mouth/mental
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Differentiate Aneuploidy and Poly ploidy
Aneuploidy : Failure of segregation of chromatid during cell division cycle result in the gain or loss of chromosome.
Poly poidy : Failure of cytokinesis after telophase stage of cell division result in an increase in a whole set of chromosome in an organism
Aneuploidy : Failure of segregation of chromatid during cell division cycle result in the gain or loss of a chromosome.
Poly poidy : Failure of cytokinesis
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Howmany alles are responsible for the following
(a).ABO blood group
(b). Starch synthesis in pea seeds
(a).Three alleles (IA , IB, ,i)
(b).Two alleles.(B and b
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Sex determination in
a. Grass hopper : XX-XO
b.Man : ..................
b.XX-XY
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The blood group of father and mother is ‘O’.They have two sons .
a.Find out the possible blood groups of the children
b.Is there any change in the blood group of the children of opposite sex?
a.Blood groups of chidren are ‘O’.
b.No change .It does not depend upon the sex of the
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Give one example for the following
a. Inborn errors of metabolism
b .Sex linked recessive trait
c.Autosomal dominant trait
a. Phenyl ketonuria
b. Haemophilia
c. Muscular
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Complete the following
44A + XXY : ..................a..................... :: 44A + XO : Turner’s syndrome.
a.Klinefelter’s syndrome
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In domestic fowl (Birds) the female individuals determine the sex of the offspring. Do you agree ? Give reason
Yes, Birds exhibits female heterogamety. So eggs determine the sex of the
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Mention the type of sex determination in Man .
XX-XY type
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Mention T H Morgan’s contributions in genetics
Morgan carried out several dihybrid crosses in Drosophila.
He coined tbe terms linkage and
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|
Genetic |
|
Character |
Dominant |