Question Pool Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids - SAMAGRA Question Pool & Answers | Class 12

Kerala Syllabus SAMAGRA SCERT SAMAGRA Question Pool for Class 12 Chemistry Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids

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Qn 1.

Arrange the following carboxylic acids in the increasing order of acidic strength.  Justify your answer.

CF3 COOH , CH3COOH, C6H5COOH

  • Answer)

    CH3COOH  < C6H5COOH < CF3 COOH

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Qn 2.

The IUPAC name of Isobutyraldehyde is -------------

  • Answer)

    2-Methylpropanal   

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Qn 3.

An α- hydrogen is a hydrogen attached to carbon atom adjacent to carbonyl group in a carbonyl compound.

a) Name a reaction which distinguishes the carbonyl compound having  α-hydrogen from those without α hydrogen atom.

b) Explain such a reaction with chemical equation.

  • Answer)

    a) Aldol condensation or Cannizzaro’s reaction

    b) Aldol condensation of aldehyde or ketone with α-H using dilute

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Qn 4.

Account for the following statements.

a) CH3COOH is more acidic than phenol.

b) Carboxylic acid do not undergo Friedel crafts reaction.

c) Carboxylic acids are higher boiling liquid than aldehydes of comparable molecular mass.

  • Answer)

    Acetate ion is more stabilized than phenoxide ion by resonance

    Carboxyl group is deactivating and the catalyst AlCl3 get bonded to carboxyl

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Qn 5.

Complete the table.

Substrate

Reagent

Name of reaction

Benzoyl chloride

H2/Pd – BaSO4

 

CH3 CH2 COOH

 

Hell Volhard Zelinsky

CH3COONa

 

Kolbe’s electrolysis

CH3COCH3

KOH/Ethylene glycol

 

  • Answer)


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    Qn 6.

    Arrange the following in the increasing order of their acidic strength.

    CH3COOH, FCH2COOH, ClCH2CH2COOH, ClCH2COOH

     

    • Answer)

      CH3COOH<ClCH2CH2COOH< ClCH2COOH <

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    Qn 7.

    Carboxylic acids are more acidic than phenols.Why?

    • Answer)

      Carboxylate anion is more stable than phenoxide ions because of resonance and the negative charge is more delocalised on the more electronegative oxygen

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    Qn 8.

    Carboxylic acids have higherboiling point than alcohols of comparabale molecular mass. Give reason.

    • Answer)

      Intermolecular hydrogen bonding leading to dimer formation in

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    Qn 9.

    convert the following

    1. CH3CN to CH3COOH
    • Answer)

      CH3CN + H+/H2O →

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    Qn 10.

    Suggest any two reagents that can convert CH3COOH to CH3COCl.

    • Answer)

      PCl5, SOCl2 ,

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    Qn 11.

    Explain the folloeing reactions

    1. Rosenmunds reeduction
    2. Stephen reaction
    3. Etard reaction
    • Answer)
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    Qn 12.

    Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones towards nucleophillic addition reaction. Why?

    • Answer)

      i) Steric effect:- In ketones ,there are two bulky alkyl or aryl groups which hinder the approach of nucleophile

      ii) Electronic effect:- In ketones, there

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    Qn 13.

    Name the best oxidising agent that can convert unsaturated primary alcohol to unsaturated aldehyde.

    • Answer)

      PCC

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    Qn 14.

    Benzaldehye and acetaldehye react with NaOH under different conditions give different products. Explain the reactions?

    • Answer)

      Benzaldehyde , having no alpha hydrogen , undergoes cannizzaro’s reaction with con NaOH to give salt of carboxylicacid and an

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    Qn 15.

    Distinguish the following pairs of compounds chemical tests

    i) Acetophenone and benzophenone

    ii) Ethanal and propanone

    • Answer)

      i) Iodoform test: Acetophenone on warming with iodine and NaOH gives yellow precipitate of iodoform but benzophenone does not answer the test

      ii)

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    Qn 16.

    Write down the reaction and name the product when acetaldehyde react with the following ?

    i) hydroxylamine ii) Hydrogencyanide

    • Answer)

      CH3CH=O + NH2OH →CH3CH=NOH ( OXIME)

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    Qn 17.

    Arrange the following compounds in the increasing order of boiling point?

    Ethanol, Ethanal, Ethanoicacid, Ethane

    • Answer)

      Ethane<ethanal<ethanol<ethanoicacid

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    Qn 18.

    Identify the reaction and reagents for converting benzaldehyde to toluene?

    • Answer)

      Clemmensen reduction , Zn amalgam and

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    Qn 19.

    Stephen reduction is used to convert .................to ........................

    • Answer)

      nitriles to aldehydes

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    Qn 20.

    esters and nitriles can be selectively reduced to aldehydes using.................

    • Answer)

      DIBAL-H

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    Qn 21.
    Nitration of benzaldehyde is .......................................
    • Answer)

      metanitrobenzaldehyde

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    Qn 22.

    Explain the structure of carbonyl group and give reason for its polar nature.

    • Answer)

      Carbonyl group is  planar with C atom is in sp2 hybridisation. The anhybridised p orbital of C atom undergoes latteral overlapping with half filled p

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    Substrate

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